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Oracle first ran on a Digital VAX system. That is strange. I assumed it first ran on some flavor of UNIX. An instance is a set of processes in memory. I frequently hear about the Redo Logs from DBAs. These are essentially transaction logs.
Another common term DBAs use is the tablespace. That is a fancy way of describes a disk file the databases uses. Another file of interest is the Spfile. It is the server parameter file. This file has startup parameters in it.
I will be blogging about this 11g book for a little bit. Next time I will cover the new names for the background processes in Oracle 11g.